LeetCode in Kotlin

3482. Analyze Organization Hierarchy

Hard

Table: Employees

+----------------+---------+
| Column Name    | Type    |
+----------------+---------+
| employee_id    | int     |
| employee_name  | varchar |
| manager_id     | int     |
| salary         | int     |
| department     | varchar |
+----------------+---------+
employee_id is the unique key for this table.
Each row contains information about an employee, including their ID, name, their manager's ID, salary, and department.
manager_id is null for the top-level manager (CEO). 

Write a solution to analyze the organizational hierarchy and answer the following:

Hierarchy Levels: For each employee, determine their level in the organization (CEO is level 1, employees reporting directly to the CEO are level 2, and so on).
Team Size: For each employee who is a manager, count the total number of employees under them (direct and indirect reports).
Salary Budget: For each manager, calculate the total salary budget they control (sum of salaries of all employees under them, including indirect reports, plus their own salary).

Return the result table ordered by _the result ordered by level in ascending order, then by budget in descending order, and finally by employee_name in ascending order._

The result format is in the following example.

Example:

Input:

Employees table:

+-------------+---------------+------------+--------+-------------+
| employee_id | employee_name | manager_id | salary | department  |
+-------------+---------------+------------+--------+-------------+
| 1           | Alice         | null       | 12000  | Executive   |
| 2           | Bob           | 1          | 10000  | Sales       |
| 3           | Charlie       | 1          | 10000  | Engineering |
| 4           | David         | 2          | 7500   | Sales       |
| 5           | Eva           | 2          | 7500   | Sales       |
| 6           | Frank         | 3          | 9000   | Engineering |
| 7           | Grace         | 3          | 8500   | Engineering |
| 8           | Hank          | 4          | 6000   | Sales       |
| 9           | Ivy           | 6          | 7000   | Engineering |
| 10          | Judy          | 6          | 7000   | Engineering |
+-------------+---------------+------------+--------+-------------+ 

Output:

+-------------+---------------+-------+-----------+--------+
| employee_id | employee_name | level | team_size | budget |
+-------------+---------------+-------+-----------+--------+
| 1           | Alice         | 1     | 9         | 84500  |
| 3           | Charlie       | 2     | 4         | 41500  |
| 2           | Bob           | 2     | 3         | 31000  |
| 6           | Frank         | 3     | 2         | 23000  |
| 4           | David         | 3     | 1         | 13500  |
| 7           | Grace         | 3     | 0         | 8500   |
| 5           | Eva           | 3     | 0         | 7500   |
| 9           | Ivy           | 4     | 0         | 7000   |
| 10          | Judy          | 4     | 0         | 7000   |
| 8           | Hank          | 4     | 0         | 6000   |
+-------------+---------------+-------+-----------+--------+ 

Explanation:

Organization Structure:
- Alice (ID: 1) is the CEO (level 1) with no manager
- Bob (ID: 2) and Charlie (ID: 3) report directly to Alice (level 2)
- David (ID: 4), Eva (ID: 5) report to Bob, while Frank (ID: 6) and Grace (ID: 7) report to Charlie (level 3)
- Hank (ID: 8) reports to David, and Ivy (ID: 9) and Judy (ID: 10) report to Frank (level 4)
Level Calculation:
- The CEO (Alice) is at level 1
- Each subsequent level of management adds 1 to the level
Team Size Calculation:
- Alice has 9 employees under her (the entire company except herself)
- Bob has 3 employees (David, Eva, and Hank)
- Charlie has 4 employees (Frank, Grace, Ivy, and Judy)
- David has 1 employee (Hank)
- Frank has 2 employees (Ivy and Judy)
- Eva, Grace, Hank, Ivy, and Judy have no direct reports (team_size = 0)
Budget Calculation:
- Alice’s budget: Her salary (12000) + all employees’ salaries (72500) = 84500
- Charlie’s budget: His salary (10000) + Frank’s budget (23000) + Grace’s salary (8500) = 41500
- Bob’s budget: His salary (10000) + David’s budget (13500) + Eva’s salary (7500) = 31000
- Frank’s budget: His salary (9000) + Ivy’s salary (7000) + Judy’s salary (7000) = 23000
- David’s budget: His salary (7500) + Hank’s salary (6000) = 13500
- Employees with no direct reports have budgets equal to their own salary

Note:

The result is ordered first by level in ascending order
Within the same level, employees are ordered by budget in descending order then by name in ascending order

Solution

# Write your MySQL query statement below
WITH RECURSIVE org_hierarchy (
    orig_employee_id,
    orig_employee_name,
    employee_id,
    employee_name,
    manager_id,
    salary,
    org_level
) AS (
    SELECT
        employee_id AS orig_employee_id,
        employee_name AS orig_employee_name,
        employee_id,
        employee_name,
        manager_id,
        salary,
        1 AS org_level
    FROM Employees

    UNION ALL

    SELECT
        P.orig_employee_id,
        P.orig_employee_name,
        CH.employee_id,
        CH.employee_name,
        CH.manager_id,
        CH.salary,
        P.org_level + 1
    FROM org_hierarchy P
    JOIN Employees CH ON CH.manager_id = P.employee_id
),
CEO_hierarchy (
    sub_employee_id,
    employee_name,
    sub_level
) AS (
    SELECT
        oh.employee_id AS sub_employee_id,
        oh.employee_name,
        oh.org_level AS sub_level
    FROM org_hierarchy oh
    JOIN Employees e ON oh.orig_employee_id = e.employee_id
    WHERE e.manager_id IS NULL
)

SELECT
    oh.orig_employee_id AS employee_id,
    oh.orig_employee_name AS employee_name,
    ch.sub_level AS level,
    COUNT(*) - 1 AS team_size,
    SUM(oh.salary) AS budget
FROM org_hierarchy oh
JOIN CEO_hierarchy ch ON oh.orig_employee_id = ch.sub_employee_id
GROUP BY
    oh.orig_employee_id,
    oh.orig_employee_name,
    ch.sub_level
ORDER BY
    level ASC, budget DESC, employee_name ASC;

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